Tense āϏāĻāϞ āĻļিāĻ্āώাāϰ্āĻĨীāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻ āϤিāĻŦ৷ āĻĒ্āϰā§োāĻāύীā§ āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻĒিāĻ, āĻāĻĒāύি āϝāĻĻি Tense āĻাāϞ āĻāϰে āύা āĻĒā§েāύ āϤাāĻšāϞে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϝোāĻিāϤা āĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻĒāϰীāĻ্āώাā§ āĻাāϞ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦেāύ āύা। āϤাāĻ āĻāϤাāύুāĻāϤিāĻ āĻিāύ্āϤাāϰ āĻŦাāĻšিāϰে āĻিā§ে āĻিāύ্āϤা āĻāϰে Tense āĻļিāĻুāύ।
Tense āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
āĻ্āϰিā§াāϰ āĻাāϞāĻে Tense āĻŦāϞে। or, āĻোāύো āĻাāĻ āϏংāĻāĻিāϤ āĻšāĻā§াāϰ āϏāĻŽā§ āĻে Tense āĻŦāϞে।
Tense āĻāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ?
Tense āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāϤ āϤিāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ। āϝāĻĨা-
1.Present Tense [ āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻাāϞ ]
2. Past Tense [ āĻ āϤিāϤ āĻাāϞ]
3. Future Tense [ āĻāĻŦিāώ্āϝ⧠āĻাāϞ]
Note: āĻāĻ্āϤ Tense āϏāĻŽূāĻšāĻে āĻāĻŦাāϰ ā§Ē āĻাāĻŦে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা āĻšā§েāĻে। āϝেāĻŽāύ-
present Tense āĻে ā§Ē āĻাāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা āĻšā§। āϝāĻĨা-
1.Present Indefinite Tense. [ āύিāĻŽ্āύে āĻāĻŽāϰা present Indefinite tense āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻাāύāĻŦ]
➡️ STC: Subject + v1 + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ- 1) I eat rice. 2) I go home [ āĻāĻāĻা āĻŦিāώ⧠āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻāϤে āĻšāĻŦে āϝে home āĻāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে preposition to āĻŦāϏে āύা]
➡️ STC : Subject + v+s/es + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ- He reads a book.
➡️ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ্āϰিā§াāϰ āĻļেāώে āĻ, āĻ ,āĻ,ā§,āĻ āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϤা present Indfinite Tense. āϝেāĻŽāύ- āĻāĻŽি āĻাāϤ āĻাāĻ। āϰিāύি āϏ্āĻুāϞে āϝাā§।
➡️ āĻ āĻ্āϝাāϏāĻāϤ āĻāϰ্āĻŽ / āĻিāϰāύ্āϤ āϏāϤ্āϝ / āĻŦৈāĻ্āĻাāύিāĻ āϏāϤ্āϝ/ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦাāĻĻāĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļে present Indefinite Tense āĻšā§।āϝেāĻŽāύ-
1. He takes Milk every morning.
2. The earth moves around the sun.
3. Water freezes at 0°centigrade.
➡️ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে alawys, often, usually, hardly, seldom, generally, normally, Regularly, sometimes, at times, on fridays/ sunday, every morning / day/ week. āĻĨাāĻāϞে present Indefinite Tense āĻšā§। āϝেāĻŽāύ- At times, he loses his temper.
2. Present Continuous Tense.
➡️ stc: subject + am/is/ are+ v+ ing + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ- I am reading a book.
➡️ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ্āϰিā§াāϰ āĻļেāώে āϤেāĻ, āϤেāĻি, āϤেāĻেāύ, āĻ্āĻ, āĻ্āĻি āĻি, āĻ, āĻে āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϤা plresent Continuous tense āĻšā§।āϝেāĻŽāύ- āϰিāύি āϏ্āĻুāϞে āϝাāĻ্āĻে।
➡️ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে now, at this moment, at present, day by day, still, right now, this season/week/ month / year āĻĨাāĻāϞে present Continuous Tense āĻšā§। āϝেāĻŽāύ- at present I am working abroad.
3. Present perfect Tense :
➡️ Stc: subject+ have/ has + v3+ object. āϝেāĻŽāύ- I have done the work.
➡️ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে just, just now, Already, lately, Recently, never, ever, yet, since, for, so far āĻĨাāĻāϞে present perfect tense āĻšā§। Note : since or for āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāĻŽāĻ āĻ ংāĻļে āĻĻেāĻুāύ-āϝেāĻŽāύ- He has just gone out.
4. Present perfect continuous.
➡️ Stc: Subject + have / has + been+ v+ ing + object.āϝেāĻŽāύ- I have been doing the work. Note: Since āĻ For āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāĻŽāĻ āĻ ংāĻļে।
past Tense āĻে ā§Ē āĻাāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা āĻšā§। āϝāĻĨা -
1. Past Indefinite.
➡️ stc- subject + v2 + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ- He was ill.
➡️ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে once, last, yesterday, ago, long ago, it is time, it is high time āĻĨাāĻāϞে past indefinite tense āĻšā§। āϝেāύāύ- Malek went to dhaka yesterday.
➡️ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻļেāώে āĻিāϞ, āĻিāϞাāĻŽ, āĻিāϞে, āϞ, āϞাāĻŽ, āϤ, āϤাāĻŽ āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϤা past indefinite Tense. āϝেāĻŽāύ- āĻāĻŽি āϰিāύিāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦাāϏাā§ āĻিā§েāĻিāϞাāĻŽ।
2. Past continuous Tense :
➡️ stc: Subject + was/were+ v+ ing + object. āϝেāύāύ- Rini was reading a book.
3. Past perfect Tense.
➡️ Stc: Subject + had + v3+ v1+ ing + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ I had gone out before he came.
4. Past perfect Continuous Tense
➡️ Stc: Subject + had + been+ v+ing + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ- At the time I had been reading for tow hours.
Future Tense āĻে ā§Ē āĻাāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা āϝাā§।
1. Future indefinite tense.
➡️ stc: Subject + shall/will + v1+ object. āϝেāĻŽāύ- I shall do the work.
2. Future Continuous Tense.
➡️ Stc- Subject + will be + v+ ing + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ - I will be reading a book.
3. Future prefect :
➡️stc: Subject + shall have / will have + v3 + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ- I will have finished the work before he comes.
4. Future perfect Continuous Tense
➡️ Subject + shall have / will have + been + v+ ing + object. āϝেāĻŽāύ - He will have been doing the work.
Tense āĻāϰ āĻāĻŽāĻ āĻ ংāĻļ
➡️ Since / frome/ for āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ।
point of time : āĻোāύো āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āϏāĻŽā§ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāϤে since & from āĻŦāϏে।
Since is used before a noun or phrase denoting some point of time, and is preceded by a verb in the perfect Tense.
Note : from āϏāĻāϞ Tense āĻ āĻŦāϏে। Since āĻļুāϧু past Tense / perfect Tense āĻ āĻŦāϏে। āϝেāĻŽāύ -
1) He has been ill since sunday last.
2) He will begin English from next sunday.
3) I have not seen him from last week.
4) I have eaten nothing since Yesterday.
5) He has been ill since Monday last.
6) I have not been smoking since last week.
7) I have known her since Tuesday.
8) She had been working there since 1988.
➡️ period of time : āĻোāύো āϏāĻŽā§ āĻĨেāĻে āĻোāύো āϏāĻŽā§েāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤি āĻŦুāĻাāϤে for āĻŦāϏে। āϝেāĻŽāύ- for+ period
1) I have not seen him for a week.
2) I have known her for three days.
3) It has been raining for weeks.
4) she had been working there for a long time.
Note: period of time āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ Negative / Superlative āĻšāϞে in/ for āĻĻুāĻ āĻাāĻ āĻāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻšāĻŦে।āϝেāĻŽāύ-
1) I haven't seen him for/ in months.
2) It was the worst storm for/ in ten years.
āĻāϰো āĻিāĻু āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ āĻĻেāĻা āϝাāĻ, āϝা āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻĒāϰীāĻ্āώাā§ āĻāϏেāĻে।
1) I have been living in Dhaka ____2000
Ans: Since
2) Malek has been reading in this school _____ four Years.
Ans: for
3. I have been waiting _____ half past three.
Ans: Since
4. We haven't seen him_______ almost a Year.
Ans: For
period of time / point of time āĻāϰ āĻāϰো āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤ āĻাāύāϤে āĻāĻাāύে āĻ্āϞিāĻ āĻāϰুāύ। āĻ্āϞিāĻ āĻāϰে Since / for āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻĻেāĻুāύ।
āĻāϰāĻ āĻĒā§ুāύ
